Competency Map: Physician Assistant | Genetics/Genomics Resources

PA-1: MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE
- MK-1.1: Understand basic human genetics terminology
  - PA 2: Define and properly use genetics/genomics terms relevant to own patient care setting
    - National Human Genome Research Institute – Talking Glossary
    - Genetics Home Reference-National Library of Medicine
    - American Society of Human Genetics – GenEdNet Education Resources
    - Gene Tests – Genetic Tools Resource
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants The Basics – DNA and Heredity
    - Learn Genetics
    - GeneticSolutions -Basic Human Genetics Primer Parts I & II
    - Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens
    - Six Weeks to Genomic Awareness
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants
    - NHGRI Genetics and Genomics for Health Professionals
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews – Illustrated Glossary
    - Genetic Solutions from ClinicalTools
    - Glossary of Genetic Terms
    - A Basic Human Genetics Primer Part 1
    - A Basic Human Genetics Primer Part 2
    - Genetics Home Reference
    - Genetics Home Reference Education
    - Human Genome Project Information – Genome Glossary
    - An Introduction to Genetic Analysis
    - Supercourse – Scientific Basis for Genetics Part I
    - Supercourse – Scientific Basis for Genetics Part II
    - Supercourse – Gene Expression Overview
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants- Chromosomes, Mutations and Other Terminology
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Modes of Inheritance
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Additional Terminology
- MK-1.2: Identify patients with, or at risk of, a genetic condition.
  - new37: Define and recognize types of Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance.
    - Telling Stories – Understanding Real Life Genetics – Nurses
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Genetics Home Reference – Inheriting Genetic Conditions
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Modes of Inheritance
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Triplet Repeat Disorders
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Genomic Imprinting
  - new38: Differentiate between malformation, deformation, and clinical features that might suggest a genetic disorder.
    - Genetics and Your Practice
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter “Genetic Aspects of Development”
    - The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy
    - Mayo Clinic – Diseases and Conditions
    - WebMD
    - Genetic solutions – Pediatrics: A Family Study of a Child with Multiple Congenital Anomalies
    - Medical Genetics; 5th Edition
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2 Section 21
  - new39: Discuss the roles of genes and teratogens in human congenital anomalies.
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter “Mechanisms of Inheritance-parts I and II”
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2 Section 21
    - The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy – High-Risk Pregnancy
    - The Merck Manual, Home Edition – Birth Defects
    - Teratogens
    - Organization of Teratology Information Specialists
    - Medical Genetics Chapter 14 – Clinical Genetics, Genetic Counseling, and Gene Therapy
  - PA 4: Understand the relevant inheritance patterns and mechanisms by which genetic disease may occur.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Principles of Genetics in the Context of Common Disease
    - Epigenetics
    - Learn Genetics Epigenetics module
    - Genetic Solutions – Complex Inheritance module
    - Environmental Genetics of Complex Diseases
    - The Role of Genetics in Obesity
    - Genetics Home Reference – Inheriting Genetic Conditions
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Modes of Inheritance
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Triplet Repeat Disorders
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Genomic Imprinting
    - NCHPEG – Competencies in Family History
    - Genetic Solutions – Overview of the Hemoglobinopathies
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Mosaicism
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants – Mitochondrial Mutations
    - Medical Genetics Chapters 4 and 5
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance; 3rd Edition
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter “Patterns of Single Gene Inheritance”
  - PA 9: Demonstrate awareness that patients may present with a genetic condition of which there is no family history.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter “Patterns of Single Gene Inheritance”
    - GeneReviews – Illustrated Glossary – Sporadic
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
- MK-1.3: Consider genetic aspects in the differential diagnosis of medical disorders
  - PA 7: Discuss how disease expression throughout the lifecycle may be influenced by genetic, environmental and behavioral factors
    - Genetics for Health Care Professionals-a life stage approach
    - Epigenetics
    - Learn Genetics Epigenetics module
    - Six Weeks to Genomic Awareness
    - National Cancer Institute – Fact Sheets: Risk Factors and Possible Causes
    - Huntington Education Outreach Project at Stanford
    - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Life Stages and Specific Populations
  - PA 8: Identify patients with, or at risk of, a genetic condition.
    - Genetics in Primary Care
    - Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens
    - Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
    - Genetic Solutions – Complex Inheritance module
    - Genetic Solutions – Overview of the Hemoglobinopathies
    - Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - Genetic solutions – Genetic Services and the Primary Care Provider module
- MK-1.4: Gather genetic family history information and construct an appropriate multigenerational pedigree
  - new1: Ensure that history includes behavioral and environmental risk factors.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
  - new2: Identify available tools to construct a multigenerational pedigree.
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice
    - American Medical Association Family History Tools
    - U.S. Surgeon General’s Family History Initiative
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
  - new79: Demonstrate ability to elicit a complete three-generation family health history.
    - American Medical Association Family History Tools
    - U.S. Surgeon General’s Family History Initiative
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Genetics Training for Physician Assistants Family History Module
    - NCHPEG – Competencies in Family History
    - Standardized human pedigree nomenclature: update and assessment of the recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2 Section 34
  - PA 33: Construct a pedigree from collected family history information using standardized symbols.
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice
    - American Medical Association Family History Tools
    - U.S. Surgeon General’s Family History Initiative
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - NCHPEG – Competencies in Family History
    - Standardized human pedigree nomenclature: update and assessment of the recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
    - Recommendations for standardized human pedigree nomenclature. Pedigree Standardization Task Force of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
  - PA 34: Appreciate how family genetic history may influence health education for both individuals and families.
    - Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
- MK-1.5: Utilize family history in assessing potential genetic or familial predisposition to disease
  - new3: Analyze a pedigree to determine familial risk factors.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - NCHPEG – Competencies in Family History
    - Genetic Tools – Genetic Concepts and Skills: Taking a Family History
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2 Section 36
    - Pedigree Interpretation
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice Family History Module
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice Cases
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
- MK-1.6: Be able to distinguish between genetic screening and diagnostic testing, and apply each appropriately.
  - new41: Recognize that genetic tests can include clinical examination, metabolite assays, and imaging.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Genetic Solutions – Genetic Testing in Clinical Practice module
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - Genetics Education Program for Nurses module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
  - new5: Differentiate between genetic screening, and presymptomatic and diagnostic testing.
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews – Illustrated Glossary
    - Genetics Home Reference – Genetic Testing
    - Gene Tests – Educational Materials – About Genetic Services
    - Genetic Tools – Genetic Concepts and Skills: “Using Genetic Tests” section
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
  - new7: Discuss the potential benefits, limitations and implications of the different types of biochemical and genetic testing.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Genetics Home Reference – Genetic Testing
    - ASHG Statement on Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing in the United States
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
- MK-1.7: Describe current population genetic screening programs and guidelines
  - new42: Identify genetic disorders for which carrier screening is available.
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - CDC Public Health Genomics – Genetic Testing
    - American College of Medical Genetics Policy Statements, including population/carrier screening
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
  - new43: Describe parameters governing population genetic screening.
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter “Genetics and Society
    - Population screening in the age of genomic medicine
    - CDC Public Health Genomics – Population Research
    - Population Screening for Genetic Disorders in the 21st Century: Evidence, Economics, and Ethics.
    - How to Interpret a Genome-Wide Association Study
    - Medical Genetics Chapter 13 re: Population Screening for Genetic Disease
  - new9: Locate and access newborn screening programs in your geographic area.
    - National Medical Home Initiative for Children With Special Needs, AAP
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center
    - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Genomics Resources – States – Newborn Screening Programs in State Health Departments
    - Newborn Screening Act Sheets And Confirmatory Algorithms
  - PA 15: Demonstrate awareness that the make up of the local population may affect the prevalence of genetic conditions.
    - Supercourse – Intergrating Genomics in Clinical Practice
    - Six Weeks to Genomic Awareness
    - Public Health Genomics: The Essentials
    - Medical Genetics; 5th Edition
    - NHGRI – Genome Wide Association Studies
    - NHGRI – Genome Wide Association Studies
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter “Genetics and Society
- MK-1.8: Describe procedures available for prenatal genetic screening and diagnosis and their inherent benefits and risks.
  - new10: Discuss the kinds of conditions that can be detected preconceptually, prenatally and perinatally.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - National Medical Home Initiative for Children With Special Needs, AAP
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center
    - Genetic Solutions – Newborn Screening
    - Genetic Solutions – Prenatal Screening
    - Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - Genetics for Healthcare Professionals: A Lifestage Approach Chapters 5,6,7
    - Prenatal screening and diagnosis for pediatricians
    - Newborn Screening Expands: Recommendations for pediatricians and medical homes – implications for the system
    - Gene Tests – Uses of Genetic Testing
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
  - PA 18: Demonstrate an awareness of prenatal, antenatal and other screening programs for genetic conditions.
    - National Medical Home Initiative for Children With Special Needs, AAP
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center
    - The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy – Prenatal Genetic Counseling and Evaluation
- MK-1.9: Understand the principles of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics and their applications
  - new44: Discuss how pharmacogenetic testing may inform dosing decisions or alter therapeutic choice.
    - One size does not fit all: The promise of pharmacogenomics
    - American Medical Association – Pharmacogenomics
    - Human Genome Project Information – Pharmacogenomics
    - PharmGKB – The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
  - new80: Describe genetic/genomic factors that contribute to variability of response to pharmacologic agents.
    - GEPN module – Nurse’s Role in Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
    - Science Primer, NCBI
    - Genomics at the FDA
    - FDA Preventable Adverse Drug Reactions: A Focus on Drug Interactions
    - One size does not fit all: The promise of pharmacogenomics
    - NCHPEG newsletter “In Practice” devoted to pharmacogenomics
- MK-2.0: Delineate the role of genetics in pathogenesis of inherited and sporadic cancer
  - new11: Describe the multistep model of the pathogenesis of cancer.
    - Genetic Testing for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes
    - National Cancer Institute – Understanding Cancer series
    - Understanding Genetics: DNA, Genes, and Their Real-World Applications
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance; 3rd Edition
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2, Section 31: The Molecular Biology of Cancer
    - Medical Genetics: With Student Consult Online Access Chapter 11
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access Chapter: “Genetics and Cancer”
    - Life: The Science of Biology Chapter 17
    - An Introduction to Genetic Analysis: Chapter 22 Cancer as a Genetic Disease
    - Fox Chase Cancer Center Risk Assessment Program
  - new12: Identify family history characteristics associated with increased cancer risk.
    - National Cancer Institute Cancer Genetics Risk Assessment and Counseling (PDQ®)
    - Genetic Solutions – Presymptomatic Testing: Genetic Testing for Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk
    - Genetic Solutions – Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome: Genetic Testing and Counseling
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2, Section 31: The Molecular Biology of Cancer
    - Medical Genetics: With Student Consult Online Access Chapter 11
    - How to Assess Familial Risk of Cancer: Red Flags & Pearls
    - Fox Chase Cancer Center Risk Assessment Program
  - new45: Differentiate between inherited, familial and sporadic cancers.
    - Genetics in Primary Care
    - Inside Cancer, DNA Learning Center Home
    - National Cancer Institute – Understanding Cancer series
    - Genetic Solutions – Etiology of Sporadic and Hereditary Cancers
    - Medical Genetics at a Glance Part 2, Section 31: The Molecular Biology of Cancer
    - Medical Genetics: With Student Consult Online Access Chapter 11
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access Chapter: “Genetics and Cancer”
    - Fox Chase Cancer Center Risk Assessment Program
- MK-2.1: Discuss the range of genetic management of disease
  - new13: Be familiar with current and developing genetic treatment modalities.
    - GEPN module – Nurse’s Role in Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
    - Genomics at the FDA
    - Understanding Genetics: DNA, Genes, and Their Real-World Applications
    - Alzheimer’s Disease from Secret of Life School Video:
    - RNAi Therapy video
    - RNAi Discovered video
    - RNAi Explained video
    - Finding Cures is Hard video
    - Genetic Therapy and Breast Tumors video
    - Stem Cells – Seeds of Hope? video
    - Stem Cells Breakthrough video
    - One size does not fit all: The promise of pharmacogenomics
    - Personalized Medicine Coalition
    - Issues Affecting the Adoption of Personalized Medicine
    - Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention
    - Medline plus – Genes and Gene Therapy
    - Genetics Home Reference – What is Gene Therapy?
    - Supercourse – Lung Cancer and Gene Therapy
    - Life: The Science of Biology Volume I The Cell and Heredity, Chapters 1-20
    - NIH NLM Medline Plus – Stem Cells
- MK-2.2: Describe the role of clinical geneticists and genetic counselors in health care.
  - new14: Recognize the indications and resources for genetic counseling and testing, and for referral to genetics specialists.
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - Genetic Solutions – Introduction to Genetic Counseling module
    - GEPN – Informed Decision Making module
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - Medical Genetics Chapter 14 – Clinical Genetics, Genetic Counseling, and Gene Therapy
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - NHGRI – Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic Counseling
    - National Society of Genetic Counselors Practice Guidelines
    - FAQs about genetic counseling from the National Society of Genetic Counselors
    - Genetic Tools- teaching cases
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter : “Genetic Counseling and Risk Assessment”
    - Genetics for Healthcare Professionals: A Lifestage Approach Chapters: “Setting the Scene,” “Counseling Issues,” “Developing Genetic Services and the Genetic Counseling Profession”
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
  - new85: Describe a typical patient journey that might be experienced in the process of genetic counseling.
    - Genetics and Your Practice
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - Genetics for Healthcare Professionals: A Lifestage Approach Chapters: “Setting the Scene,” “Counseling Issues,” “Developing Genetic Services and the Genetic Counseling Profession”
PA-2: INTERPERSONAL AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS
- PA-2.1: When communicating genetic information to patients, consider various factors that may influence their understanding and response.
  - new14: Determine how the patient’s cultural, language, family values, traditions, health beliefs and health literacy may impact their response to information.
    - Telling Stories – Understanding Real Life Genetics – Nurses
    - National Coalition for Health Professional Education in Genetics – Race, Genetics, and Health Care: What We Know and What It Means for Your Practice
    - National Coalition for Health Professional Education in Genetics – Race and Genetics FAQs
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new15: Gauge the individual’s current level of understanding of the genetic condition.
    - GEPN – Informed Decision Making module
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new46: Communicate the concept of genetic risk in a manner that can be understood by the patient.
    - GEPN – Informed Decision Making module
    - Reporting Down syndrome screening results: women’s understanding of risk.
    - A systematic review of the impact of genetic counseling on risk perception accuracy.
    - Genetic cancer risk assessment and counseling: recommendations of the national society of genetic counselors
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new81: Assess patient concerns or understanding about information received from specialty genetic services.
    - Telling Stories – Understanding Real Life Genetics – Nurses
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - PA 22: Demonstrate an awareness of the impact of a genetic diagnosis.
    - Telling Stories – Understanding Real Life Genetics – Nurses
    - National Cancer Institute Cancer Genetics Risk Assessment and Counseling (PDQ®)
    - Genetic Solutions – Newborn Screening
    - Genetic Solutions – Prenatal Screening
    - Genetics for Healthcare Professionals: A Lifestage Approach Chapters: “Setting the Scene,” “Counseling Issues,” “Developing Genetic Services and the Genetic Counseling Profession”
    - Genetic Tools – ELSI
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
- PA-2.2: Seek coordination and collaboration with interdisciplinary team of health professionals.
  - PA 27: Explain and communicate the roles of the specialist genetics services and the referral pathway
    - Telling Stories – Understanding Real Life Genetics – Nurses
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
- PA-2.3: Promote informed decision making for patients, and provide nondirective counseling.
  - new17: Educate patients about the potential impact of genetic information for themselves and their families
    - Genetic Solutions – Introduction to Genetic Counseling module
    - GEPN – Informed Decision Making module
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications
    - Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - PA 21: Communicate the patient’s right to autonomous decision making and confidentiality.
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - Genetic Solutions – Introduction to Genetic Counseling module
    - GEPN – Informed Decision Making module
    - NHGRI – Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic Counseling
    - Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications
    - Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - PA 30: Ensure addressing the particular needs of those unable to give informed consent
    - Special Informed Consent Considerations
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
- PA-2.4: Offer appropriate psychological and social support to patients and families affected by a genetic condition.
  - new48: Make appropriate referrals to genetics support groups, community groups, or other resources.
    - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Medical Home Info
    - Mountain States Genetics Foundation – Directory of Online Genetic Support Groups
    - University of Kansas Medical Center – Genetic and Rare Conditions Information Site
    - Chromosome Disorders Outreach – Support Groups
    - Genetic Alliance
    - Family Village
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - PA 23: Discuss with the patient the range of support services available, both professional and lay.
    - National Medical Home Initiative for Children With Special Needs, AAP
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Medical Home Info
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - PA 24: Demonstrate an awareness of the importance of the social and psychological impact of a genetic condition.
    - Gene Tests – Genetic Tools Resource
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
PA-3: PATIENT CARE
- PC-3.1: Gather genetic family history information and construct an appropriate multigenerational pedigree
- PC-3.2: Identify and appropriately determine referral of patients who would benefit from genetic services
  - new18: Analyze and interpret a pedigree to determine familial or genetic risk.
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice
    - Pedigree Interpretation
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new4: Recognize the genetic, behavioral and environmental components of familial risk.
    - Genetic Solutions – Medical Family History module
    - Genetic Solutions – Complex Inheritance module
    - Pedigree Interpretation
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice Family History Module
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice Cases
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new40: Demonstrate ability to use family history information to perform genetic risk assessment.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine; 8th Edition
    - Genetics for Healthcare Professionals: A Lifestage Approach: Chapter 2
    - Pedigree Interpretation
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice Family History Module
    - Genetics in the Physician Assistant’s Practice Cases
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new50: Know when and how to refer patients to genetics professionals.
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - Genetic Solutions – Introduction to Genetic Counseling module
    - GEPN – Informed Decision Making module
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - Medical Genetics Chapter 14 – Clinical Genetics, Genetic Counseling, and Gene Therapy
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - Newborn Screening Act Sheets And Confirmatory Algorithms
    - NHGRI – Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic Counseling
    - National Society of Genetic Counselors Practice Guidelines
    - FAQs about genetic counseling from the National Society of Genetic Counselors
    - Genetic Tools- teaching cases
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter : “Genetic Counseling and Risk Assessment”
    - Genetics for Healthcare Professionals: A Lifestage Approach Chapters: “Setting the Scene,” “Counseling Issues,” “Developing Genetic Services and the Genetic Counseling Profession”
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new51: Negotiate system barriers to patients including access to clinical trials.
    - ClinicalTrials
    - CenterWatch
    - Social, Cultural and Religious Issues in Genetic Research
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new84: Identify genetic and genomic factors within history and assessment data.
    - Genetics in Primary Care
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Newborn Screening Act Sheets And Confirmatory Algorithms
    - Genetic Tools – Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens
    - Clinical Genetic Evaluation of the Child With Mental Retardation or Developmental Delays.
    - Genetic Basis for Congenital Heart Defects: Current Knowledge
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
- PC-3.3: Describe procedures available for genetic testing and diagnosis and order genetic tests appropriately.
  - new19: Discuss genetic interventions and resources relevant in one’s area of practice.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Genetic Alliance Resources for Providers
    - Gene Tests – Educational Materials – About Genetic Services
    - Gene Tests – Laboratory Directory and Clinical Directory
    - American Society of Human Genetics Consumer Genetics Resources
  - new20: Discuss preconception, prenatal and perinatal procedures for identifying genetic conditions.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Genetic Solutions – Genetic Testing in Clinical Practice module
    - Newborn Screening Act Sheets And Confirmatory Algorithms
    - The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy – Prenatal Genetic Counseling and Evaluation
    - Centers for Disease Control – National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
    - Medical Genetics Chapter 14 re Genetic Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis
    - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine Chapter 17 Prenatal Diagnosis
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
    - FBR Prenatal Screening Outreach Education
  - new52: Describe the benefits, limitations, and risks of each genetic test.
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - Using Genetic Tests from “Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens”
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
  - new53: Be aware of newborn screening services in your geographic area.
    - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Genomics Resources – States – Newborn Screening Programs in State Health Departments
    - Newborn Screening Act Sheets And Confirmatory Algorithms
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center – State Newborn Screening & Genetics Programs
    - Genetics Home Reference – Newborn Screening
  - new54: Advise patients about relevant screening programs.
    - American College of Medical Genetics Policy Statements, including population/carrier screening
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center – Parent and Family Resources – Frequently Asked Questions About Newborn Bloodspot Screening
- PC-3.4: Order genetic tests appropriately with care to the special nature of genetic information.
  - new55: Determine if a laboratory test is warranted and if it will inform clinical management.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
  - new56: Explain to the patient the purpose of the genetic test, the manner in which the test will be performed.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - Gene Tests – Educational Materials – About Genetic Services
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
  - new57: Discuss any ethical, legal and social implications relating to the genetic testing.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
  - new58: Obtain informed consent from the patient before ordering the genetic test.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
  - new59: Coordinate activities with the genetic testing laboratory, including adherence to established protocols.
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
  - new60: Adhere to consensus guidelines with respect to testing children, asymptomatic individuals, and adults with incapacity.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - Special Informed Consent Considerations
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
  - PA 40: Understand and interpret the laboratory report in the context of the care of the patient and family.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Testing and Screening Module
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
  - PA 41: Demonstrate confidentiality and maintain privacy when discussing test results.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
- PC-3.5: Identify red flags in the personal or family history associated with increased cancer risk
  - new23: Describe characteristics in the family history that distinguish between inherited and sporadic cancer
    - Inside Cancer, DNA Learning Center Home
    - National Cancer Institute – Understanding Cancer series
    - Genetic Solutions – Etiology of Sporadic and Hereditary Cancers
    - Cancer Genetics Overview
    - National Cancer Institute -Cancer Genetics
    - NCI Breast Cancer Risk Tool
    - NCI Colorectal Cancer Risk Tool
    - Genetics in Primary Care – Training Program Curriculum Modules
  - new24: Facilitate referral of high risk patients to appropriate specialist
    - Gene Tests – Genetic Tools Resource
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center
    - Genetic Alliance
    - Gene Tests – Clinic Search
    - American Board of Medical Genetics – Find a Certified Geneticist
    - National Society of Genetic Counselors – Find a Counselor
  - new25: Manage patients with genetic risk factors or conditions, using accepted guidelines.
    - National Society of Genetic Counselors Practice Guidelines
    - American College of Medical Genetics Practice Guidelines
    - National Institutes of Health – Genetic Disorders
    - National Guideline Clearinghouse, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
  - new26: Develop, with the patient, a management plan.
    - Understanding Cancer
    - Understanding Cancer Cancer Genomics
  - new90: Manage patients with genetic risk factors, using accepted guidelines.
    - Elements of Cancer Risk Assessment and Counseling
    - American College of Medical Genetics Practice Guidelines
- PC-3.6: Discuss the range of genetic/genomic based approaches to treatment of disease
  - new26: Educate patients about the purpose, benefits, limitations and risks of interventions.
    - GEPN module – Nurse’s Role in Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
    - Genomics at the FDA
    - Understanding Genetics: DNA, Genes, and Their Real-World Applications
    - Alzheimer’s Disease from Secret of Life School Video:
    - RNAi Therapy video
    - RNAi Discovered video
    - RNAi Explained video
    - Finding Cures is Hard video
    - Genetic Therapy and Breast Tumors video
    - Stem Cells – Seeds of Hope? video
    - Stem Cells Breakthrough video
    - One size does not fit all: The promise of pharmacogenomics
    - Personalized Medicine Coalition
    - Issues Affecting the Adoption of Personalized Medicine
    - Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention
    - Medline plus – Genes and Gene Therapy
    - Genetics Home Reference – What is Gene Therapy?
    - Supercourse – Lung Cancer and Gene Therapy
    - Life: The Science of Biology Volume I The Cell and Heredity, Chapters 1-20
    - NIH NLM Medline Plus – Stem Cells
    - NHGRI Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic and Genomic Science
    - NIH (2005) Fact Sheet: Driving the Transformation to Predictive, Personalized, and Preemptive Medicine
    - Gene Therapy
  - new27: Develop, with the patient, a management plan that includes genetic and genomic determinants of health.
- PC-3.7: Apply the principles of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics in the clinical management of patients.
  - new61: Describe the role of genetics in determining how patients respond to drug treatment.
    - Nursing Care in the Genomic Era
    - National Office of Public Health Genomics
    - GEPN module – Nurse’s Role in Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
    - Science Primer, NCBI
    - Genomics at the FDA
    - FDA Preventable Adverse Drug Reactions: A Focus on Drug Interactions
    - Nurses’ Role in Pharmacogenetics / Pharmacogenomics
    - One size does not fit all: The promise of pharmacogenomics
    - Pharmacogenomics DOE Information
    - Davis Drug Guide
    - Drug Topics
    - NCHPEG newsletter “In Practice” devoted to pharmacogenomics
    - American Medical Association – Pharmacogenomics
    - Human Genome Project Information – Pharmacogenomics
    - PharmGKB – The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base
    - Gene Therapy
    - Pharmacogenomics
    - A Primer on Genomic and Personalized Medicine: How Will It Affect Your practice?
    - Genomic Applications Working Group Reviews Cytochrome P450 Genetic Testing
    - The effect of cytochrome P450 metabolism on drug response, interactions and adverse events
    - Medicines for You: Studying How Your Genes Can Make a Difference
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
  - new62: Utilize appropriate genetic laboratory tests that help determine the efficacy and safety of these drugs.
    - PharmGKB – The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base
    - Gene Tests – Laboratory Directory and Clinical Directory
    - MedWatch: The FDA Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program
    - A public health approach to pharmacogenomics and gene-based diagnostic tests
PA-4: PROFESSIONALISM
- P-4.1: Examine one’s competence of practice on a regular basis
  - new27: Recognize the level of genetic knowledge and skills required in your practice
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - NHGRI Competency and Curricular Resources
    - NCHPEG Core Competencies
    - NCHPEG Principles of Genetics for Health Professionals
    - CDC – Public Health Genomics – Genomics Translation -Genomic Workforce Competencies 2001
    - American Society of Human Genetics Medical School Curriculum guidelines
    - Establishing essential physician assistant clinical competencies guidelines for genetics and genomics.
    - The need for genetic literacy in physician assistants. Perspective on Physician Assistant Education, 12 (2), 113-116.
  - new63: Determine the limitations of genetics knowledge and expertise.
    - Genetic Solutions from ClinicalTools
    - Educating Health Professionals About Genetics and Genomics
    - Genetics Education for Health Professionals: A Context
    - American Society of Human Genetics Genetics Education Resources
  - new64: Recognize the potential for genetic information to contribute to the development of new approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
    - Supercourse – Intergrating Genomics in Clinical Practice
    - Understanding Genetics: DNA, Genes, and Their Real-World Applications
    - The Continuum of Translation Research in Genomic Medicine
    - Delivery of Genomic Medicine for Common Chronic Adult Diseases: A Systematic Review
    - Genomic medicine – a primer
    - Epigenetics: Genome, meet your environment.
    - Life: The Science of Biology
  - new65: Ensure any genetic information you give to a patient is within the limits of your role.
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Establishing essential physician assistant clinical competencies guidelines for genetics and genomics.
  - new66: Participate in professional and public education programs.
    - Consumer Education Resources, American Society of Human Genetics
    - American Society of Human Genetics Consumer Genetics Resources
- P-4.2: Understand financial, ethical, legal and social issues
  - new35: Consult interprofessional ethical resources when trying to resolve ethical dilemmas
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement – Ethical Issues With Genetic Testing in Pediatrics
    - Genetics and Your Practice FELSI
  - new67: Understand the likelihood that a patient’s culture, language, family values, traditions, health beliefs, health literacy, and religious and financial perspectives may impact access.
    - Genetic Tools – ELSI
    - Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications
    - Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues
    - March of Dimes – The Genetic Education Needs Evaluation (GENE) Project
    - National Human Genome Research Institute – Policy & Ethics
    - American Medical Association – Ethical Issues in Genetic Testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement – Ethical Issues With Genetic Testing in Pediatrics
    - Genetics education and underserved populations: Summary of the literature. (Read executive summary)
    - Attitudes about genetics in underserved, culturally diverse populations
    - Genetics and Your Practice FELSI
  - new68: Use autonomy, beneficience, non-maleficence, and justice when deliberating genetic/genomic issues.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
    - Genetics and Your Practice FELSI
    - Clinical Ethics: A practical approach to ethical decisions in clinical medicine
    - Informed Consent for Genomics Research
  - new69: Provide appropriate documentation and advocate for patients regarding the influence of insurance.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
  - new70: Be aware of current local, state and federal laws affecting the privacy and confidentiality of genetic information.
    - National Human Genome Research Institute – Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008
    - Coalition for Genetic Fairness – Nondiscrimination Act
  - new71: Recognize the dilemmas posed by confidentiality when a patient’s relatives are found to be at risk for a genetic condition.
    - Genetic Solutions – Ethical and Legal Considerations in Genetic Testing
    - GEPN module – Ethical and Social Issues Related to Genetic Testing
    - National Human Genome Research Institute – Policy & Ethics
    - American Medical Association – Ethical Issues in Genetic Testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement – Ethical Issues With Genetic Testing in Pediatrics
  - new72: Discuss examples of misuse of genetic/genomic information and technology.
    - National Human Genome Research Institute – Policy & Ethics
    - Eugenics Archive
PA-5: PRACTICE-BASED LEARNING AND IMPROVEMENT
- PBL-5.1: Use information technology to obtain credible current information about genetics for self, patients and colleagues.
  - new73: Locate, appraise, and integrate reliable evidence of genetic and/or genomic resources and clinical practice guidelines.
    - National Human Genome Research Institute – Genetics Education Modules
    - Consumer Education Resources, American Society of Human Genetics
    - Genetics Home Reference
    - MedlinePlus Health Topics
    - Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - Evaluation of Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention
    - Using Evidence-Based Medicine and Genetics. In Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens: A Web-Based Resource for Faculty Development
    - Genetic Tools – Genetics Through a Primary Care Lens
    - The Genetics and Public Policy Center – Genetic testing practice guidelines
    - Quality of Genetic Information on the Internet: In KUMC Genetics Education Center
    - PubMed Clinical Queries – Medical Genetics Searches
    - The National Genetics Education and Development Centre
    - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Genomics Resources
    - American Medical Association – Genetics and Molecular Medicine
    - Evidence-based medicine and practice guidelines: application to genetics.
    - Genetic Alliance – Access to Credible Genetic Resources – Quality Assessment Toolbox
    - American Society of Human Genetics Consumer Genetics Resources
    - Evidence-based medicine and practice guidelines: application to genetics
  - new74: Identify culturally and linguistically appropriate resources available to assist patients seeking genetic and genomic information and service.
    - University of Utah Genetic Science Learning Center
    - Genetics Home Reference
    - MedlinePlus Health Topics
    - Mayo Clinic Medical Information and Tools for Healthy Living
    - The Merck Manual of Medical Information – Home Edition
  - new75: Recognize the limitations of one’s own genetics expertise and adopt an attitude of life long learning.
    - Genetic Alliance
    - Genetics News from Medical News Today
    - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Genomics & Health Weekly Update
  - new76: Appreciate the important role of biomedical research and acquire skills that enable critical analysis of scientific developments.
    - Genetics News from Medical News Today
    - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Genomics & Health Weekly Update
    - Medscape Today – Genomic Medicine
PA-6: SYSTEMS BASED PRACTICE
- SBP-6.1: Seek coordination and collaboration with interdisciplinary team of health professionals
  - new47: Facilitate appropriate referral, transfer of information, and plan for follow-up.
    - Genetics and Your Practice – Referral to Genetics Services module
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies
  - new77: Effectively interact with an interdisciplinary team of health professionals in the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of patients.
    - Telling Stories – Understanding Real Life Genetics – Nurses
    - Genetics and Your Practice Family History Module
    - Understanding Genetics: A Guide for Patients and Professionals
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Medical Home Info
  - new82: Develop a list of contacts and resources for genetic/genomic referrals.
    - National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center
    - Genetic Alliance Resources for Providers
    - Gene Tests – GeneReviews
    - American Academy of Pediatrics Medical Home Info
    - Gene Tests – Laboratory Directory and Clinical Directory
    - American Board of Medical Genetics – Find a Certified Geneticist
    - National Society of Genetic Counselors – Find a Counselor
    - Gene Tests
    - Global Genetics Community-Unfolding Interactive Case Studies